1.1. Demographic Indicators.
Demographic characteristics of a State provide an overview of its population size, composition, distribution, changes therein. This has been divided into population statistics and Vital statistics. These indicators will help the states to identify the areas that need policy and interventions, setting long and short terms objectives and also priorities.
1.1.1. Population Statistics
These include indicators that measure the population size, sex ratio, density etc.
1.1.2. Trend in Census Population in Sikkim (1951-2011) Sex Ratio and Growth rate of India for the same period.

Population Statistics Sl. No.	Year	Population	Sex Ratio	Growth Rate
Population Statistics Sl. No.	Year	Population	Sex Ratio	Sikkim	India
1	1951	138000	907	-	13.30%
2	1961	162000	904	17.40%	21.64%
3	1971	210000	863	29.60%	24.80%
4	1981	316000	835	50.50%	24.66%
5	1991	406000	878	28.50%	23.87%
6	2001	541000	875	33.30%	21.54%
7	2011	610577	890	12.90%	17.70%

Source: Census India.
Table 1.1.2 The population of Sikkim during 1951 was 138000; it has shown steady growth to more than three times in 2011. The above table shows some trend of sex ratio vis a vis growth rate trend in Sikkim. The growth rate of Sikkim have not shown steady curve like National growth rate. India’s growth rate from 1971 onwards has shown steady decline, where as Sikkim’s growth rate nearly doubled between 1971 and 1981. It is in this period we have sex ratio not favorable to females. The trend shows that higher the growth rates the sex ratio increases in favor of males. The growth rate projected in the table is natural growth plus immigrating population. Further it is noticed that in 1991 state’s growth rate had declined 28.50 %, there is marked improvement of sex ratio to 878 from 835. Again growth rate increased in 2001 to 33.30 %, there was decline in sex ratio. In 2011 growth rate has declined considerably leading to marked improvement in sex ratio favoring females.

1.1.3. Projected Population of Sikkim, 2016 – 2019.

Sl No	Year	Population
Sl No	Year	Female	Male	Total
1.	2016	303000	344000	647000
2.	2017	306000	347000	653000
3.	2018	310000	351000	660000
4.	2019	313000	654000	667000

Source: Census India.
Table 1.1.3 The Population of state has been projected at six lakhs forty seven thousand in 2016, Six lakhs fifty three thousand in 2017 and six lakhs forty seven thousand in 2016. Hence for planning exercises we can used this figures. The sex ratio scenario does not seem to favour females as per the projected population of females.
1.1.4. Distribution of Population District wise, Decadal Growth Rate, Sex-Ratio and Population Density

Dist Code	State/ District	Population 2011			Percentage decadal growth rate of population		Sex- Ratio (Number of Females per 1000 Males)		Population density per sq. km.


		Persons	Males	Females	1991-01	2001-11	2001	2011	2001	2011
		Persons	Males	Females	1991-01	2001-11	2001	2011	2001	2011
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
	SIKKIM	610577	323070	287507	33.07	12.36	875	890	76	86
01	North District	43709	24730	18979	31.34	5.67	752	769	10	10
02	West District	136435	70238	66197	25.57	10.59	929	941	106	117
03	South District	146850	76670	70180	33.39	11.57	927	914	175	196
04	East District	283583	151432	132151	37.32	14.80	844	872	256	295

Source: Census India.
Table 1.1.4 The North District is the least populated district in Sikkim with a population of 43709. East is the most populated district with a population of 283583.Percentage of decadal growth rate is highest in the south with 33.39 % growth during 1991. It was lowest in the west district 25.57 % during 1991. In 2011 growth is highest in the east 14.80 % and lowest in the north 5.67 %.
Sex ratio found to be lowest in the north though there is improvement from 752 to 769 from 2001 to 2011. West district has the best sex ratio and has improved from 929 to 941 from 2001 to 2011. The sex ratio of the state has improved from 875 in 2001 to 890 in 2011. In 2011 India’s sex ratio was 943.
Density of population has shown increase in consecutive censuses and has increased in 2001 to 2011 too. It is highest in the East district with 295/sq.km and lowest in the north 10/sq.km. Average density of the state is 86. Average density of the country was 382/ sq km during 2011.
1.1.5. Sex Ratio 0-6 years district wise/state. 1991 - 2011

Sl No	Year	East	West	North	South	State
1.	1991	948	997	960	962	965
2.	2001	950	966	995	969	963
3.	2011	960	964	929	953	957

Source: Census.
Table 1.1.5 the sex ratio (0-6) yrs which is vital indicator for prevalence of female infanticide is good in the state. It was 965 in 1991 census and 957 in 2011. Among the districts too, it is good and uniform in all the four districts. NFHS 3 the sex ratio of the state was 936 and it has drastically gone down to 809 in NFHS 4. In NFHS 4 the urban 0-6 yrs sex ratio is only 632.

1.1.6. Proportion of Child Population in the Age-Group 0-6 to Total Population:
2001 and 2011

Dist Code	State/District	Proportion of Child Population in the Age-Group 0-6 to Total Population
		2001			2011
		P	M	F	P	M	F
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
	SIKKIM	14.5	13.8	15.2	10.0	9.8	10.4
01	North District	14.53	12.76	16.88	10.34	9.64	11.25
02	West District	16.35	16.04	16.69	10.98	10.92	11.03
03	South District	15.72	15.39	16.08	10.27	10.10	10.47
04	East District	12.82	12.12	13.65	9.45	9.09	9.86

Source: Census.
Table 1.1.6 Child population age group 0-6 years is vital component of population statistics. This would be very vital for planning and implementation of various Infants and children centric programmes and schemes. It gives some indication on vital issue of sex ratio. The table shows in 2001 west districts has the largest number, 16.35 % and east district had the lowest proportion at 12.82 %. The state’s average in 2001 was 14.5 %. In 2001 in all districts female population was higher than the male. In 2011 proportion decreased in all districts. Female population is seen to be less in all the districts. It’s lowest in the east districts. The average proportion at state level in 2011 was 10.4 %.

Health Indicators